W3.2 March 22th (Friday) 주영영 ZHUYINGYING

 1. summary

The basic concepts and importance of sociological theory are introduced, and two classic cases are provided to illustrate the role of theory in explaining social phenomena.First, through Putnam's study on the relationship between television viewing and declining civic engagement, the importance of theory as an explanation for the relationship between two or more concepts is expounded.Secondly, Durkheim's study of the relationship between suicide rates and religious beliefs illustrates the importance of theory in interpreting data and revealing the mechanisms behind social phenomena.Some famous theoretical ideas in sociology were also mentioned, emphasizing their importance and complementarity.Despite their limitations and controversies, each theory provides a powerful framework for explaining social phenomena.The role of theories in sociology is indispensable as they help researchers understand complex social phenomena and provide important guidance for solving social problems.


2.Interesting points

The central concern of structural functionalism is to explain the apparent stability and internal cohesion of society, and to hold that the social system is functionally integrated and forms a stable system.The theory views society as a coherent, bounded and fundamentally relevant structure, emphasizing that all parts of society work together to maintain and reproduce the whole.


3. Question

Structural functionalism faces some criticism and limitations.First, it is accused of not being able to explain social change because it focuses too much on social order and balance and ignores social change and change.For example, as times have changed, the function of education has shifted from a training center for clergy and elites to a broader range of science education and universal education, a shift that structural functionalism struggles to explain.Furthermore, structural functionalism has been accused of having a synonymous, repeated argument that society is perceived to have needs similar to those of the human individual, a view that is considered untenable.Society is not a living entity and therefore cannot have needs as individuals.Furthermore, critics point out that structural functionalism tends to support the status quo, describing challenges to the status quo as harmful, and therefore considered a theoretical view of conservatism.

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